attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Practice targeted AMC-style multiple-choice questions on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

A 10-year-old boy is brought to the GP by his parents, who report difficulties with attention and hyperactivity at school and home for the past 6 months. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial step in managing this child?

A. Referral to a paediatrician or child psychiatrist for comprehensive assessment

B. Initiation of a trial of stimulant medication

C. Advising the parents to implement stricter discipline at home

D. Recommending behavioural therapy alone

E. Suggesting dietary changes, such as eliminating sugar

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A 7-year-old boy is brought to his GP by his parents, who are concerned about his behaviour at school and at home. They report that he has difficulty paying attention in class, often fidgets and squirms in his seat, and frequently interrupts others. At home, he struggles to follow instructions, loses things easily, and seems forgetful. The teacher has also noted that he has difficulty staying on task and often blurts out answers before the question is finished. The parents deny any history of significant medical illness or developmental delay. On examination, the boy appears energetic and talkative, but is cooperative with the assessment. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the evaluation of this child?

A. Referral to a paediatrician or child psychiatrist for a comprehensive ADHD assessment

B. Trial of a stimulant medication to assess response

C. Encouraging the parents to implement a strict reward system at home

D. Request for formal cognitive testing to rule out learning disabilities

E. Reassurance and advice to parents on behavioural management techniques

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A 9-year-old, diagnosed with ADHD, struggles with homework completion despite medication. His parents report significant family stress. What's the MOST appropriate next step?

A. Referral for family therapy

B. Increase the current medication dosage

C. Recommend individual cognitive behavioral therapy for the child

D. Implement a strict reward system at home

E. Switch to a different stimulant medication

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A 10-year-old child with ADHD is started on stimulant medication. His parents report that he has lost weight and is not eating well. What is the most likely side effect of the medication?

A. Insomnia

B. Mood swings

C. Decreased appetite

D. Hypertension

E. Tics

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A 10-year-old boy struggles with inattention at school, often daydreaming and losing focus. His grades are declining, and he forgets homework. Parents report similar issues at home. What's the most appropriate initial step?

A. Academic tutoring

B. Trial of stimulant medication

C. Comprehensive ADHD assessment

D. Referral to a child psychologist for behavioural therapy

E. Parenting skills training

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attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

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